hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis

How Does the HPG Axis Function?

The HPG axis begins in the hypothalamus, which releases Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH). GnRH then stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete two key hormones: Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH). These hormones travel through the bloodstream to the ovaries, where they promote the production of sex steroids such as estrogen and progesterone. These sex steroids, in turn, provide feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary to regulate further hormone release.

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