The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is a part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). It conducts and supports research to understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases. In the context of gynecology, NIAID plays a crucial role in advancing knowledge about various infectious diseases that can impact women’s health, such as HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and bacterial vaginosis.