INR (International Normalized Ratio) monitoring is a laboratory measurement used to determine the clotting tendency of blood. This is particularly important for patients who are on anticoagulant therapy, such as warfarin. In the context of gynecology, INR monitoring can be crucial for women with conditions that require anticoagulation therapy, such as venous thromboembolism (VTE), certain types of heart disease, or those who have undergone specific surgeries.