Gynecology research scientists focus on understanding and improving the health of the female reproductive system. They conduct studies that range from basic biological research to clinical trials. Their work often involves investigating hormonal imbalances, fertility issues, and the development of conditions such as endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). They also study gynecologic cancers, including ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancers, aiming to develop better diagnostic tools and treatments.