How Does Uterine Fibroid Embolization Work?
During the procedure, an interventional radiologist inserts a catheter through a small incision in the groin or wrist. The catheter is guided to the uterine arteries, which supply blood to the fibroids. Small particles are injected through the catheter to block these blood vessels, effectively cutting off the fibroids' blood supply. This causes the fibroids to shrink over time.
Who is a Candidate for Uterine Fibroid Embolization?
UFE may be an appropriate treatment for women who have symptomatic fibroids and want to avoid
hysterectomy or other invasive surgeries. Symptoms can include heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on the bladder or bowel. However, UFE may not be suitable for women who want to become pregnant in the future, as it can affect fertility.
What are the Benefits of Uterine Fibroid Embolization?
UFE offers several benefits, including a shorter recovery time compared to traditional surgeries like hysterectomy or
myomectomy. Most patients can return to their normal activities within a week. Additionally, UFE has a high success rate in reducing fibroid symptoms and improving quality of life. The procedure is also less invasive, meaning fewer risks and complications.
What are the Risks and Complications?
While UFE is generally safe, it does carry some risks. Possible complications include infection, allergic reaction to the contrast dye, and damage to the blood vessels or uterus. Some women may experience
post-embolization syndrome, which includes symptoms like pain, nausea, and fever. It's important to discuss these risks with your healthcare provider to determine if UFE is right for you.
How Effective is Uterine Fibroid Embolization?
UFE is highly effective in reducing the size of fibroids and alleviating symptoms. Studies show that approximately 85-90% of women experience significant improvement in their symptoms after the procedure. However, it's important to note that UFE may not completely eliminate fibroids, and in some cases, additional treatments may be necessary.
How to Prepare for the Procedure?
Preparation for UFE typically involves several steps, including a thorough medical evaluation and imaging studies like an
MRI or ultrasound to assess the size and location of the fibroids. Patients may be advised to stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, before the procedure. Fasting for a few hours prior to the procedure is also commonly recommended.
What to Expect During and After the Procedure?
The UFE procedure usually takes between 1-2 hours and is performed under local anesthesia with sedation. Patients may feel some discomfort or cramping during the procedure. Afterward, most patients are monitored in the hospital for a few hours and can usually go home the same day. Pain and cramping are common in the first few days after the procedure, and medications are prescribed to manage these symptoms.
Long-Term Outcomes and Follow-Up Care
Long-term outcomes for UFE are generally positive, with many women experiencing sustained relief from fibroid symptoms. Follow-up care typically includes regular visits to your healthcare provider to monitor your recovery and assess the effectiveness of the treatment. Imaging studies may be repeated to evaluate the reduction in fibroid size.
Conclusion
Uterine fibroid embolization is an effective and minimally invasive treatment option for women with symptomatic fibroids. It offers numerous benefits, including a shorter recovery time and high success rate in symptom relief. However, it's essential to weigh the potential risks and discuss your specific situation with your healthcare provider to determine if UFE is the right choice for you.
