What is a Normal Menstrual Cycle?
A normal menstrual cycle typically lasts between 21 and 35 days, with menstrual flow lasting from 2 to 7 days. The average cycle length is about 28 days, but this can vary significantly among individuals. The cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones including estrogen and progesterone.
Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation for more than three cycles.
Oligomenorrhea: Infrequent menstruation, with intervals longer than 35 days.
Menorrhagia: Heavy menstrual bleeding lasting more than 7 days.
Polymenorrhea: Frequent menstruation, with intervals shorter than 21 days.
Dysmenorrhea: Painful menstruation with severe cramps.
Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders.
Stress and lifestyle changes: High stress levels, significant weight loss or gain, and excessive exercise.
Medications: Certain medications can affect menstrual cycles.
Underlying Health Conditions: Endometriosis, fibroids, and other reproductive health issues.
Absence of menstruation by age 15.
Menstrual cycles that suddenly become irregular.
Severe menstrual pain that interferes with daily activities.
Heavy bleeding requiring frequent change of sanitary products.
