To diagnose the cause of menstrual irregularities, a gynecologist may perform a variety of tests including: - Physical Examination: Including a pelvic exam. - Blood Tests: To check hormonal levels, thyroid function, and other indicators. - Ultrasound: To visualize the reproductive organs. - Endometrial Biopsy: A sample of the uterine lining may be taken for further analysis. - Pap Smear: To screen for cervical abnormalities.