Perineal Tears: These are lacerations that occur in the perineal area during vaginal delivery. They range from first-degree (minor) to fourth-degree (severe). Episiotomy Complications: An episiotomy is a surgical incision made in the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening. Complications may include infection, pain, and extended healing time. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: This can result from the stretching and weakening of the pelvic muscles, leading to conditions like urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Fractures and Nerve Damage: Occasionally, the baby’s position or the use of forceps/vacuum can cause fractures or nerve damage in the mother.
