The causes of RPL can be broadly categorized into genetic, anatomical, immunological, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Genetic factors: Chromosomal abnormalities in either parent or the fetus can lead to miscarriages. Anatomical factors: Uterine anomalies such as septate uterus, fibroids, or intrauterine adhesions can interfere with implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Immunological factors: Autoimmune disorders like antiphospholipid syndrome can cause blood clots, leading to pregnancy loss. Hormonal factors: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid dysfunction, and luteal phase defect can contribute to RPL. Environmental factors: Lifestyle factors like smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, and exposure to certain toxins can increase the risk of pregnancy loss.
