The treatment of thyroid dysfunction depends on whether the condition is hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism is typically treated with synthetic thyroid hormone replacement therapy, such as levothyroxine. Hyperthyroidism may be managed with medications that reduce thyroid hormone production, radioactive iodine therapy, or, in some cases, surgery. It is essential to tailor the treatment to the individual's specific condition and needs, particularly in the context of reproductive health and pregnancy.