The hypothalamus, a small region of the brain, initiates the menstrual cycle by secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This hormone stimulates the pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which act on the ovaries to promote ovulation and regulate the menstrual cycle. Disruptions in this delicate balance can lead to menstrual irregularities and disorders.
