During labor, the birth canal undergoes significant changes to facilitate the birth process:
Cervical Dilation: The cervix must dilate from 0 to 10 centimeters to allow the baby to pass through. Effacement: The cervix thins out or effaces to become part of the birth canal. Descent: The baby moves down through the birth canal, guided by the mother's contractions and the shape of the pelvis. Expulsion: The baby is pushed out through the vagina with the help of uterine contractions and maternal effort.
