NTDs can be diagnosed during pregnancy through various screening tests. The most common tests include:
- Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (MSAFP) Test: This blood test measures the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the mother's blood. High levels can indicate an NTD. - Ultrasound: An ultrasound can provide detailed images of the fetus and detect physical abnormalities associated with NTDs. - Amniocentesis: In this procedure, a small amount of amniotic fluid is taken from the sac surrounding the fetus to test for genetic abnormalities.
