In a typical case control study, researchers first identify a group of women with a particular gynecological condition (cases) and a comparable group without the condition (controls). Both groups are then questioned about past exposures to potential risk factors. Data is analyzed to determine whether certain exposures are more common in cases than in controls. This helps establish an association between the exposure and the condition. For example, a study on cervical cancer might investigate the link between HPV infection and cancer incidence.
