What is a Yeast Infection?
A yeast infection, also known as
Candidiasis, is a common fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of the fungus
Candida. While this fungus is normally present in the vagina in small amounts, an imbalance can lead to symptoms such as itching, irritation, and discharge.
What Causes Yeast Infections?
Several factors can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina, leading to an infection. These include:
Antibiotics, which can kill beneficial bacteria
Hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy or menopause
Uncontrolled diabetes
Weakened immune system
High estrogen levels, often due to hormone replacement therapy or birth control pills
Wearing tight or non-breathable clothing
Intense itching and irritation in the vaginal area
A thick, white, odorless vaginal discharge, often described as resembling cottage cheese
Redness and swelling of the vulva
Burning sensation during urination or intercourse
How is it Diagnosed?
A yeast infection is typically diagnosed through a pelvic exam. Your healthcare provider will take a sample of the vaginal discharge to examine under a microscope. In some cases, a culture may be sent to a lab for further analysis to confirm the diagnosis.
Oral antifungals like
fluconazole Topical antifungal creams
Suppositories that are inserted into the vagina
Over-the-counter treatments are available, but it is always advisable to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Can Yeast Infections be Prevented?
Preventing yeast infections involves maintaining a healthy balance of bacteria and yeast in the vaginal area. Tips for prevention include:
Wearing cotton underwear and avoiding tight clothing
Avoiding the use of scented hygiene products
Changing out of wet clothing, such as swimsuits, promptly
Maintaining good
hygiene practices
Managing blood sugar levels if you have diabetes
Limiting antibiotic use to when absolutely necessary
What are the Risks of Untreated Infections?
If a yeast infection is left untreated, it can lead to more severe symptoms and complications. It can cause chronic discomfort and increase the risk of other infections. In pregnant women, untreated yeast infections can lead to complications such as preterm delivery.
You are experiencing symptoms of a yeast infection for the first time
Symptoms persist even after using over-the-counter treatments
You have recurring yeast infections
You are pregnant and suspect you have a yeast infection
Conclusion
Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments of yeast infections can help in effectively managing and preventing them. Always consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and tailored treatment plans.
