How is it Transmitted?
The bacterium is transmitted through
sexual contact with an infected person. This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be spread from a pregnant woman to her baby during childbirth, potentially leading to serious complications for the newborn.
Symptoms in Women
The symptoms of gonorrhea in women can vary and may include: Dysuria (painful urination)
Increased vaginal discharge
Vaginal bleeding between periods
Abdominal or pelvic pain
However, many women may be asymptomatic, making it crucial for sexually active women to undergo regular
screening.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically involves a swab of the affected area, such as the cervix, urethra, or throat, followed by a
nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). This test is highly sensitive and specific for detecting the genetic material of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Treatment
Gonorrhea is treated with
antibiotics. Due to increasing antibiotic resistance, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) currently recommend a dual therapy consisting of an injectable dose of
ceftriaxone and oral
azithromycin. It is crucial to complete the full course of antibiotics even if symptoms resolve early.
Complications
If left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to serious complications such as:These complications underscore the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Prevention
Preventing gonorrhea involves several strategies: Using
condoms correctly and consistently
Being in a mutually monogamous relationship where both partners are tested and free of STIs
Regular screening for sexually active women, especially those with new or multiple partners
Conclusion
Neisseria gonorrhoeae remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in the field of gynecology. Awareness, regular screening, and prompt treatment are essential in managing and preventing the complications associated with this infection.
