What are the Labia Majora?
The
labia majora are the outer lips of the vulva, a part of the female external genitalia. They are two prominent folds of skin that run down from the mons pubis to the perineum. The labia majora protect the inner structures of the vulva, including the
labia minora, clitoris, and vaginal opening.
What is the Function of the Labia Majora?
The primary function of the labia majora is to protect the internal genital structures from physical damage, bacterial infections, and other external factors. They provide a barrier that helps maintain the internal genitalia's cleanliness and moisture balance.
What Changes Occur in the Labia Majora Over Time?
The labia majora can undergo various changes due to hormonal fluctuations, aging, and childbirth. During puberty, they become more prominent due to increased estrogen levels. In older age, the labia majora may lose their fullness and elasticity due to decreased estrogen levels. Pregnancy and childbirth can also cause changes in their size and shape.
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Labiaplasty: This surgical procedure is performed to alter the size or shape of the labia majora for cosmetic or medical reasons.
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Bartholin's cyst: A blockage of the Bartholin's glands can cause cysts or abscesses in the labia majora.
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Dermatitis: Skin conditions like eczema or contact dermatitis can cause irritation and inflammation.
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Infections: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can affect the labia majora, leading to symptoms such as itching, swelling, and redness.
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Cancer: Although rare, vulvar cancer can develop in the labia majora.
How are Issues with the Labia Majora Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. A gynecologist may perform a
pelvic exam to inspect the labia majora and other genital structures. Additional tests, such as
biopsies or imaging studies, may be required to diagnose specific conditions like cancer or cysts.
- Infections: Antibiotics, antifungal, or antiviral medications may be prescribed.
- Cysts and Abscesses: These may require drainage or surgical removal.
- Dermatitis: Topical steroids or antihistamines can help alleviate symptoms.
- Cancer: Treatment may involve surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. Early detection is crucial for a better prognosis.
- Hygiene: Regular washing with mild soap and water can prevent infections.
- Avoid Irritants: Refrain from using scented products or wearing tight clothing that can cause irritation.
- Safe Sex: Practicing safe sex can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections.
- Regular Check-ups: Regular gynecological exams can help detect any issues early.
When to See a Gynecologist?
It's important to consult a gynecologist if you experience symptoms such as persistent itching, swelling, unusual discharge, or pain in the labia majora. Early consultation can lead to prompt diagnosis and treatment, preventing complications.
