What is Estrogen?
Estrogen is a critical hormone in the female body, primarily produced in the ovaries, adrenal glands, and fat tissues. It plays a significant role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics.
Functions of Estrogen
Estrogen is involved in various bodily functions, including: Regulating the
menstrual cycle Maintaining pregnancy
Supporting the growth of the uterine lining during the
menstrual cycle Developing secondary sexual characteristics such as breast development and the distribution of body fat
Contributing to bone health by working with calcium, vitamin D, and other hormones to prevent bone loss
What are Normal Estrogen Levels?
Normal estrogen levels vary depending on age, menstrual cycle phase, and whether one is pregnant or menopausal. In premenopausal women,
estrogen levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, with higher levels observed during the ovulatory phase. Postmenopausal women typically have lower estrogen levels due to reduced ovarian production.
Weight gain
Irregular menstrual periods
Mood swings
Fibrocystic breasts
Increased risk of breast and uterine cancers
Hot flashes and night sweats
Vaginal dryness
Decreased libido
Osteoporosis
Irregular or absent menstrual cycles
How Are Estrogen Levels Measured?
Estrogen levels can be measured through blood tests, which are usually done on specific days of the
menstrual cycle to provide accurate results. Healthcare providers may also use saliva or urine tests in certain cases.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for low estrogen levels
Medications such as aromatase inhibitors or selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for high estrogen levels
Lifestyle changes like maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management
Natural supplements and herbs that may help balance hormone levels
When Should You See a Doctor?
If you experience symptoms indicative of estrogen imbalance, such as severe mood swings, irregular menstrual cycles, or hot flashes, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider. Early intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.
