What is Endometrial Cancer?
Endometrial cancer, also known as uterine cancer, is a type of cancer that originates in the lining of the uterus called the endometrium. It is the most common type of uterine cancer and primarily affects women post-menopause.
Age: Most cases occur in women over the age of 50.
Obesity: Excess body fat can alter hormone levels, increasing risk.
Hormone Therapy: Use of estrogen without progesterone increases the risk.
Family History: A family history of endometrial or colorectal cancer.
PCOS: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome may be at higher risk.
Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
Pelvic pain
Pain during intercourse
Unexplained weight loss
Surgery: The primary treatment, usually involving a hysterectomy.
Radiation Therapy: Used to kill remaining cancer cells post-surgery.
Chemotherapy: Employed in advanced stages of the disease.
Hormone Therapy: Utilized when cancer cells have hormone receptors.
What is the Prognosis?
The prognosis for endometrial cancer is generally good if detected early. The 5-year survival rate is high for early-stage cancer but decreases as the cancer advances. Regular follow-ups and monitoring are essential for managing the disease.
Maintaining a healthy weight
Using
oral contraceptives: These can reduce the risk if used for several years.
Managing conditions like diabetes and PCOS
Regular pelvic exams and screenings
Conclusion
Endometrial cancer is a significant concern in gynecology, but with early detection and appropriate treatment, the prognosis is often favorable. Awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures can aid in early diagnosis and treatment, enhancing the quality of life for those affected.
