Several factors can lead to placental dysfunction, including:
Pre-eclampsia: A condition characterized by high blood pressure and potential damage to other organ systems, often the liver and kidneys. Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR): A condition where the fetus is smaller than expected for the number of weeks of pregnancy. Diabetes: Both pre-existing diabetes and gestational diabetes can interfere with placental function. Smoking and Substance Abuse: These habits can restrict blood flow to the placenta. Advanced Maternal Age: Women over the age of 35 are at higher risk. Multiple Pregnancies: Carrying more than one fetus at a time can increase the risk.
