Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and specific tests. Key diagnostic methods include:
Semen analysis – Evaluates sperm count, motility, morphology, and volume. Hormone testing – Measures levels of testosterone, FSH, LH, and prolactin. Genetic testing – Identifies genetic abnormalities that may affect fertility. Ultrasound – Assesses the structure of the testicles and identifies potential blockages or varicocele. Testicular biopsy – Examines sperm production directly from the testicles.
