How do Hormonal Shifts Affect the Menstrual Cycle?
The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones. The cycle can be divided into four phases: the menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase. During the follicular phase, rising levels of estrogen stimulate the growth of the endometrial lining. Ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH). The luteal phase is characterized by increased levels of progesterone, preparing the endometrium for possible implantation of a fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not occur, hormone levels drop, leading to menstruation.
