How is UAE Performed?
The procedure is typically performed by an
interventional radiologist. It involves the insertion of a catheter through a small incision in the groin or wrist. The catheter is guided to the uterine arteries using real-time imaging techniques like
fluoroscopy. Once in place, small particles are injected to block the blood flow to the fibroids.
What are the Benefits of UAE?
One of the primary benefits of UAE is that it is less invasive than traditional surgical options. Recovery time is generally shorter, and the risks associated with major surgery are minimized. Additionally, UAE preserves the uterus, which can be an important consideration for women who wish to maintain their
fertility.
What are the Risks and Complications?
Although UAE is generally safe, it is not without risks. Some potential complications include infection, allergic reaction to the contrast dye used during the procedure, and non-target embolization, where other tissues are inadvertently affected. Post-embolization syndrome, characterized by pain, fever, and nausea, is also common but usually temporary.
What is the Recovery Process Like?
Recovery from UAE is relatively quick. Most women can return to normal activities within one to two weeks. Patients may experience cramping and mild pain for a few days after the procedure, which can be managed with over-the-counter pain medications. Follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment and to ensure there are no complications.
How Effective is UAE?
Studies have shown that UAE is highly effective in reducing the size of fibroids and alleviating symptoms. Approximately 85-90% of women experience significant improvement in symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and bloating. However, the procedure is not a permanent cure, and fibroids can recur in some cases.
Can UAE Affect Fertility?
Fertility after UAE is a complex issue. While the procedure itself is considered fertility-preserving, there is limited data on long-term fertility outcomes. Some studies suggest that women can still conceive and carry pregnancies to term after UAE, but others indicate a potential risk for complications such as preterm birth and placental issues. Women who wish to conceive should discuss these risks with their healthcare provider.
Conclusion
Uterine Artery Embolization is a valuable option in the management of uterine fibroids and other related conditions. It offers a less invasive alternative to traditional surgical methods, with a shorter recovery time and the potential to preserve fertility. However, as with any medical procedure, it is essential to weigh the benefits against the risks and to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of action.
