What is Sonohysterography?
Sonohysterography, also known as saline infusion sonography (SIS), is a specialized ultrasound technique used to evaluate the uterus. This procedure involves the infusion of sterile saline into the uterine cavity to provide a clear view of the endometrial lining and the uterine cavity structure. It is particularly useful for diagnosing various gynecological conditions.
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Suspected uterine abnormalities such as
fibroids or polyps
Evaluation of
infertility or recurrent miscarriages
Assessment of the uterine cavity before
in-vitro fertilization (IVF) Investigating the causes of postmenopausal bleeding
The patient is positioned similarly to a pelvic exam.
A speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix.
A thin catheter is inserted through the cervix into the uterine cavity.
Sterile saline is slowly infused into the uterine cavity through the catheter.
Transvaginal ultrasound images are obtained to visualize the uterine cavity and endometrial lining.
Enhanced visualization of the endometrial lining and uterine cavity
Better detection of
uterine abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, and adhesions
Non-invasive and relatively low-risk procedure
Minimal discomfort and quick recovery time
Mild cramping or discomfort during the procedure
Spotting or light bleeding post-procedure
Risk of infection, although rare
Allergic reactions to the saline solution, though extremely uncommon
Patients are advised to inform their healthcare provider if they experience severe pain, heavy bleeding, or signs of infection such as fever or unusual discharge.
Scheduling the procedure during the first half of the menstrual cycle, preferably after the end of menstruation
Avoiding sexual intercourse, douching, or using vaginal medications a day before the procedure
Emptying the bladder before the procedure
Taking a pain reliever, if recommended by the healthcare provider, to minimize discomfort
What Can Patients Expect Post-Procedure?
After sonohysterography, patients can usually resume normal activities immediately. Some may experience mild cramping or spotting, which typically resolves within a day or two. It is important to follow any specific post-procedure instructions provided by the healthcare provider.
Conclusion
Sonohysterography is a valuable diagnostic tool in gynecology, offering detailed insights into the uterine cavity and endometrial lining. It aids in the diagnosis and management of various uterine abnormalities, contributing to better patient outcomes. As with any medical procedure, it is essential for patients to discuss the benefits and potential risks with their healthcare provider to make an informed decision.
