What is the Recipient Twin?
Why is the Recipient Twin at Risk?
The recipient twin is at risk due to the
excessive blood volume it receives, which can cause
hypervolemia. This condition can lead to heart failure, as the heart struggles to manage the increased blood load. Furthermore, the recipient twin may suffer from
polyhydramnios, an excess of amniotic fluid, which can further complicate the pregnancy and lead to preterm labor.
TTTS is often diagnosed through
ultrasound examinations, which can identify discrepancies in amniotic fluid levels and differences in fetal size. Doppler flow studies are also used to assess the blood flow between the twins. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for managing the condition and improving outcomes for both twins.
Treatment options for the recipient twin in TTTS primarily aim to balance the blood flow and prevent complications.
Fetoscopic laser surgery is a common procedure used to seal the
placental blood vessels causing the abnormal blood sharing. In some cases,
amnioreduction, the removal of excess amniotic fluid, is performed to relieve pressure and reduce the risk of preterm labor.
What is the Prognosis for the Recipient Twin?
The prognosis for the recipient twin in TTTS varies depending on the severity of the condition and the timing of intervention. Early detection and treatment significantly improve outcomes, with many recipient twins surviving and developing normally. However, without intervention, the risks of heart failure, neurological damage, or even death increase significantly.
How Can Future Risks be Mitigated?
Regular prenatal care and monitoring are crucial for pregnancies involving monochorionic twins. Early detection through consistent
ultrasound scans can help identify TTTS before it progresses to a severe stage. Pregnant individuals with monochorionic twins should consult with a
maternal-fetal medicine specialist to ensure appropriate surveillance and intervention if necessary.
