IUD insertion - Gynecology

What is an IUD?

An Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a small, T-shaped contraceptive device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. It comes in two types: hormonal IUDs, which release small amounts of progestin, and copper IUDs, which release copper ions.

How does an IUD work?

The mechanism of action varies depending on the type. Hormonal IUDs thicken the cervical mucus, inhibit sperm movement, and thin the uterine lining. Copper IUDs release copper ions that are toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.

Who is a good candidate for an IUD?

Ideal candidates for IUDs are typically women who are looking for long-term, reversible contraception. It is suitable for women of all ages, including those who have not had children. However, it may not be appropriate for women with certain uterine abnormalities or untreated pelvic infections.

What should you expect during the procedure?

IUD insertion is usually performed in a gynecologist's office and takes about 5-10 minutes. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix. The cervix is then cleaned, and the IUD is placed into the uterus using a special applicator. Some cramping and discomfort may be felt during the procedure.

What are the potential risks and complications?

Although generally safe, IUD insertion can have some risks. These include expulsion of the IUD, perforation of the uterus, and infection. It's important to follow up with your gynecologist to ensure the IUD is properly placed and to address any concerns.

How effective is an IUD?

IUDs are among the most effective forms of contraception, with over 99% efficacy. They provide long-term protection ranging from 3 to 12 years, depending on the type.

What are the benefits of using an IUD?

Benefits of using an IUD include its long-term effectiveness, reversibility, and minimal maintenance. Hormonal IUDs can also reduce menstrual bleeding and cramps, while copper IUDs do not involve hormones, making them suitable for women who prefer non-hormonal options.

What to expect after IUD insertion?

After insertion, some cramping and spotting may occur for a few days. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help alleviate discomfort. It's important to check the IUD strings periodically and report any unusual symptoms to your gynecologist.

When should you see a doctor?

Contact your gynecologist if you experience severe pain, heavy bleeding, foul-smelling discharge, or if you cannot feel the IUD strings. Regular follow-up appointments are essential to ensure the IUD remains in place and functions effectively.

Relevant Publications

Increasing access to LARC removal in pediatrics to support adolescent reproductive justice in the United States.

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Immediate and delayed placement of the intrauterine device after abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Pharmacist recommendations for emergency contraception in Belgium: a simulated user study.

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Migration of an intrauterine contraceptive device into the bladder complicated by stone formation an exceptional complication: case report and literature review.

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General practitioners\' views and experiences of postpartum contraception counselling and provision: a qualitative-descriptive study.

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The Effect of the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System on Myometrial Blood Flow in Patients With Heavy Menstrual Bleeding.

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Laparoscopic management of bowel perforation secondary to levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device migration: a case report and review of literature.

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Introducing simulation-based education to Genitourinary Medicine specialty training in the North West of England: A quality improvement project exploring trainee perspectives and impact.

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Migration of Intra-Uterine Devices.

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IUD Insertion Under Conscious Sedation: Patient Characteristics with Clinical Decisions.

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Missing intrauterine device migrated to terminal ileum resembling adnexal mass: A case report.

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Intrauterine devices influence prostaglandin secretion by equine uterus: in vitro and in vivo studies.

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Longitudinal impact of a residency-based postplacental levonorgestrel intrauterine device insertion program: Expulsion rates in years 1, 2, and 3.

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Gene expression associated with vaginal bleeding in women using the 52-mg levonorgestrel hormonal intrauterine device: A prospective study.

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Advancing Pain Management Protocols for Intrauterine Device Insertion: Integrating Evidence-Based Strategies Into Clinical Practice.

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A combined laparoscopic and vaginal approach with a novel method to reconstructing the uterine cervix in Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome with cervical obstruction: A case report.

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Effectiveness of an educational intervention on knowledge and practice of young midwifery college students about IUD and Pap smear, Babol, Iran.

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Use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Pain Management During Intrauterine Device Insertion: A Case Series.

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Risk factors of uterine perforation when using contraceptive intrauterine devices.

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Pain Management During Intrauterine Device Insertion in Nulliparous Women: A Scoping Review.

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