What is a Hysteroscope?
A
hysteroscope is a thin, lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus. It is a vital tool in gynecology used for both diagnostic and operative purposes. The procedure involving a hysteroscope is known as
hysteroscopy.
Investigating abnormal uterine bleeding
Diagnosing and treating uterine fibroids and
polyps Assessing uterine abnormalities, such as septum or adhesions (Asherman's syndrome)
Evaluating recurring miscarriages
Performing sterilization procedures
Removing retained products of conception
Types of Hysteroscopy
There are two main types of hysteroscopy: Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: This is used to diagnose problems of the uterus. It is often done to investigate symptoms like abnormal bleeding or infertility.
Operative Hysteroscopy: This is used to correct an abnormal condition that has been detected during a diagnostic hysteroscopy. Instruments can be introduced through the hysteroscope to perform surgical procedures.
The patient is positioned in a lithotomy position (lying on the back with legs raised).
A speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix.
The cervix may be dilated to allow the insertion of the hysteroscope.
The hysteroscope is then gently inserted through the cervix into the uterus.
Saline or carbon dioxide gas is introduced to expand the uterus for better visualization.
The inside of the uterus is examined, and any necessary procedures are performed.
Minimally invasive with a quicker recovery time compared to open surgery
Can be both diagnostic and therapeutic
Generally performed on an outpatient basis
Lower risk of complications
Infection
Bleeding
Injury to the uterus, cervix, or surrounding organs
Complications from anesthesia (if used)
Fluid overload if excessive saline is used
What Should Patients Expect During Recovery?
Recovery from hysteroscopy is generally quick. Patients may experience mild cramping or spotting for a few days. Most can return to normal activities within a day or two. It is advised to avoid intercourse, douching, or using tampons for a few days to reduce the risk of infection.
Conclusion
Hysteroscopy is a crucial procedure in gynecology that aids in the diagnosis and treatment of various uterine conditions. Understanding its application, benefits, and potential risks can help patients make informed decisions about their healthcare.
