Curettage - Gynecology

What is Curettage?

Curettage is a common surgical procedure in gynecology where the lining of the uterus is scraped away using a surgical instrument called a curette. This procedure may be performed for diagnostic or therapeutic reasons and is often combined with dilation of the cervix, known as Dilation and Curettage (D&C).

Why is Curettage Performed?

Curettage can be performed for various reasons, including:
Diagnosing or treating abnormal uterine bleeding
Removing tissue after a miscarriage or abortion
Diagnosing or treating uterine conditions such as polyps or fibroids
Obtaining a tissue sample (biopsy) to diagnose conditions like endometrial cancer
Removing a molar pregnancy

How is the Procedure Performed?

The procedure typically involves the following steps:
The patient is placed under local or general anesthesia.
The cervix is dilated using medication or instruments.
A curette, which can be a sharp or a suction device, is inserted into the uterus to scrape or suction away the uterine lining.
The removed tissue may be sent to a lab for further examination.

What are the Risks and Complications?

While curettage is generally safe, there are some potential risks and complications, including:
Infection
Heavy bleeding
Perforation of the uterus
Adhesions or scar tissue formation, known as Asherman's syndrome
Reactions to anesthesia

What is the Recovery Process?

Recovery from curettage is usually quick, and most patients can return to normal activities within a few days. However, it is common to experience some cramping and light bleeding for a few days following the procedure. It is important to avoid using tampons or having sexual intercourse for a specified period to reduce the risk of infection. Follow-up appointments may be necessary to ensure proper healing.

When to Contact a Doctor?

Patients should contact their doctor if they experience any of the following after a curettage:
Severe pain
Heavy bleeding
Fever or chills
Foul-smelling discharge

Conclusion

Curettage is a valuable procedure in gynecology for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Understanding the reasons for the procedure, how it is performed, potential risks, and the recovery process can help patients make informed decisions and prepare for the procedure effectively.



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