What are Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs)?
Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) are a form of birth control that contain two types of hormones:
estrogen and
progestin. These hormones work together to prevent
ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, and alter the uterine lining, making it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus and for a fertilized egg to implant.
What are the potential side effects?
While COCs are generally well-tolerated, they may cause some side effects such as
nausea, breast tenderness, and
spotting between periods. More serious but rare side effects include an increased risk of
blood clots, stroke, and myocardial infarction, especially in women who smoke and are over 35 years old.
Who should avoid using COCs?
COCs are not suitable for everyone. Women with a history of thromboembolic disorders, uncontrolled
hypertension,
migraine with aura, or certain types of
cancer should avoid using COCs. It is important to undergo a thorough medical evaluation and discuss your medical history with your healthcare provider before starting COCs.
How are COCs taken?
COCs are typically taken once daily, at the same time each day, for 21 days followed by a 7-day hormone-free interval, during which withdrawal bleeding occurs. Some formulations offer extended or continuous dosing regimens to reduce the frequency of withdrawal bleeding.
What should you do if you miss a pill?
If you miss one pill, take it as soon as you remember, even if it means taking two pills in one day. If you miss two or more pills, follow the instructions provided in the package insert, as the approach may vary depending on the week of the cycle when the pills were missed. In some cases, additional contraceptive methods, such as
condoms, may be needed for a short period.
What are some myths about COCs?
There are several myths surrounding COCs, such as the belief that they cause weight gain or infertility. Scientific evidence does not support significant weight gain with COCs, and fertility typically returns quickly after discontinuation. It is important to consult healthcare professionals to separate myths from facts.
Conclusion
Combined Oral Contraceptives are a widely used and highly effective method of contraception with additional non-contraceptive benefits. However, they are not suitable for everyone, and potential users should undergo a thorough medical evaluation to ensure their safety. Understanding how to use them properly and recognizing potential side effects can help maximize benefits and minimize risks.
