What is Bacterial Vaginosis?
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the natural bacteria present in the vagina. Normally, beneficial bacteria called lactobacilli dominate, but in BV, harmful bacteria outnumber them, leading to symptoms.
What are the Symptoms?
Many women with BV do not experience symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include:
Thin, gray, or white vaginal discharge
Strong fishy odor, particularly after sex
Vaginal itching or irritation
Burning sensation during urination
How is Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of a medical history review, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Your
gynecologist may take a sample of vaginal discharge to examine under a microscope or perform specific tests to identify the types of bacteria present.
Multiple sexual partners or a new sexual partner
Douching
Use of an intrauterine device (IUD)
Smoking
How is Bacterial Vaginosis Treated?
Treatment usually involves antibiotics, such as
metronidazole or clindamycin, administered either orally or vaginally. It's crucial to complete the entire course of antibiotics even if symptoms resolve early.
Recurring BV might require longer treatment courses or the use of different antibiotics. Probiotics and lifestyle changes, like avoiding douching, can also help maintain a healthy vaginal flora.
Can Bacterial Vaginosis Affect Pregnancy?
Yes, untreated BV can lead to pregnancy complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and premature rupture of membranes. Pregnant women with symptoms of BV should seek medical advice promptly for appropriate management.
Is Bacterial Vaginosis Contagious?
BV is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection (STI), but sexual activity can disrupt the vaginal flora and contribute to the condition. It's advisable for both partners to discuss any symptoms or concerns with their healthcare provider.
Limiting the number of sexual partners
Avoiding douching
Using condoms
Maintaining good vaginal hygiene
Regular gynecological check-ups can also help in early detection and management of BV.
