What is Vulvovaginal Candidiasis?
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common fungal infection of the vagina and vulva, primarily caused by the yeast species Candida albicans. This condition is characterized by itching, burning, and a thick, white vaginal discharge.
Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva
A thick, white, odorless vaginal discharge that resembles cottage cheese
Redness and swelling of the vulva
Burning sensation, especially during intercourse or urination
What Causes Vulvovaginal Candidiasis?
VVC is caused by an overgrowth of
Candida fungi, which normally live in small numbers in the vagina without causing harm. Factors that can disrupt the natural balance and lead to an overgrowth include:
Antibiotic use
High estrogen levels, such as during pregnancy
Uncontrolled diabetes
Weakened immune system
Hormonal contraceptives
Wearing tight or non-breathable clothing
A thorough medical history and symptom review
Pelvic examination to check for signs of infection
Microscopic examination of vaginal discharge
Culturing the discharge to identify the specific Candida species
For recurrent VVC, a longer course of treatment and maintenance therapy may be necessary.
Wearing loose, breathable cotton underwear
Avoiding douches and scented feminine hygiene products
Maintaining good vaginal hygiene
Managing blood sugar levels if you have diabetes
Limiting antibiotic use to when absolutely necessary
This is your first yeast infection
You have recurrent infections (four or more a year)
Symptoms do not improve after treatment
You have severe symptoms or are unsure if you have VVC
Impact on Quality of Life
VVC can significantly affect a woman's quality of life, leading to discomfort and interruptions in daily activities. Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment are essential for alleviating symptoms and preventing recurrences.
