What is Stage II Cervical Cancer?
Stage II cervical cancer is when the cancer has spread beyond the cervix but has not yet extended to the pelvic wall or the lower third of the vagina. It is further subdivided into Stage IIA and IIB based on the extent of the spread.
What are the Symptoms?
Common symptoms include abnormal vaginal bleeding (such as bleeding after intercourse, between periods, or after menopause), unusual vaginal discharge, and pelvic pain. However, in early stages,
cervical cancer may be asymptomatic.
What is the Prognosis?
The prognosis for Stage II cervical cancer varies but is generally more favorable than later stages. The 5-year survival rate for Stage II cervical cancer is approximately 58-63%, depending on the sub-stage and other patient-specific factors.
How Can It Be Prevented?
Prevention strategies include regular
screening through Pap smears and HPV testing, vaccination against
HPV, and practicing safe sex to reduce the risk of HPV infection, which is a leading cause of cervical cancer.
What is the Role of HPV in Cervical Cancer?
HPV infection is a major risk factor for cervical cancer. Vaccination against HPV can significantly reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer. Regular screening helps in early detection and management.
What are the Side Effects of Treatment?
Treatment side effects can vary. Radiation therapy may cause fatigue, skin changes, and gastrointestinal issues. Chemotherapy can result in nausea, hair loss, and increased infection risk. Surgery may involve significant recovery time and potential complications.
What Follow-Up Care is Required?
After treatment, regular follow-up care is crucial to monitor for recurrence. This usually involves periodic pelvic exams, imaging tests, and possibly blood tests to ensure the cancer has not returned.
