What is Saline Infusion Sonography (SIS)?
Saline Infusion Sonography (SIS), also known as sonohysterography, is an advanced ultrasound technique used to evaluate the
uterine cavity. In this procedure, a sterile saline solution is infused into the uterine cavity, which helps to improve the visualization of the endometrial lining and detect any abnormalities.
How is SIS Different from Traditional Ultrasound?
Traditional ultrasound may not always provide clear images of the uterine cavity. SIS enhances the quality of the images by using saline to distend the uterine cavity, allowing better visualization of the endometrial lining and any intrauterine lesions. This makes SIS a more accurate and detailed diagnostic tool compared to a standard
pelvic ultrasound.
What to Expect During SIS?
The procedure is usually performed in an outpatient setting and takes about 15-30 minutes. The patient lies on an examination table, and a speculum is inserted into the vagina. A thin catheter is then placed through the cervix into the uterine cavity, and saline is slowly infused. Concurrently, a transvaginal ultrasound probe is used to capture images. The process may cause mild cramping, but it is generally well-tolerated.
Preparation for SIS
Patients are usually advised to schedule SIS after their menstrual period but before ovulation to avoid potential disruption of an early pregnancy. It is also recommended to take over-the-counter pain relief medication, such as ibuprofen, before the procedure to minimize discomfort. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of any history of
pelvic infections or allergies to latex or other materials used during the procedure.
Risks and Complications
SIS is a relatively safe procedure, but like any medical intervention, it carries some risks. Potential complications include infection, spotting, cramping, and, in rare cases, injury to the uterus. Patients experiencing severe pain, fever, or heavy bleeding after the procedure should contact their healthcare provider immediately.Interpreting SIS Results
The images obtained during SIS are reviewed by a radiologist or a gynecologist. Findings can include the presence of polyps, fibroids, adhesions, and congenital abnormalities, which may require further evaluation or treatment. Depending on the results, the healthcare provider may recommend additional diagnostic tests or procedures, such as
hysteroscopy or
endometrial biopsy.
Advantages of SIS
SIS offers several advantages, including its non-invasive nature, high diagnostic accuracy, and the ability to provide real-time images. It is also a cost-effective alternative to other more invasive diagnostic procedures like hysteroscopy. Moreover, SIS can help guide further treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes.Conclusion
Saline Infusion Sonography is a valuable tool in the field of gynecology, offering enhanced visualization of the uterine cavity and aiding in the diagnosis of various gynecological conditions. Its safety, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness make it a preferred method for many healthcare providers and patients. Anyone experiencing symptoms related to uterine abnormalities should consult their gynecologist to determine if SIS is an appropriate diagnostic option.
