Role in Menstrual Cycle
FSH and LH are integral to the menstrual cycle. FSH stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in the ovary before the release of an egg during ovulation. LH triggers
ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for
pregnancy.
Common Gonadotropin Medications
Several medications contain gonadotropins, including
Menotropins (which contain both FSH and LH), and purified FSH preparations like
Urofollitropin. These drugs are typically administered via injection and require careful monitoring by a healthcare provider to minimize risks and side effects.
Side Effects and Risks
While effective, gonadotropin therapy is not without risks. Potential side effects include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), multiple pregnancies, and local reactions at the injection site. Close monitoring through
ultrasound and blood tests is essential to mitigate these risks.
Gonadotropins and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Women with
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) often experience irregular menstrual cycles and anovulation. Gonadotropin therapy can be particularly beneficial in inducing ovulation in these patients, although it may require a tailored approach to avoid complications like OHSS.
Future Directions
Research is ongoing to optimize gonadotropin therapy, minimize side effects, and improve outcomes in infertility treatments. Innovations in drug formulations and personalized medicine approaches hold promise for more effective and safer treatments in the future.
