Dilation and Curettage (d&c): - Gynecology

What is Dilation and Curettage (D&C)?

Dilation and Curettage (D&C) is a common gynecological procedure that involves dilating the cervix to allow surgical instruments into the uterus. The procedure is often performed to diagnose or treat certain uterine conditions.

Why is D&C Performed?

D&C is used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Some common reasons include:
Diagnosing abnormal uterine bleeding
Removing uterine polyps or fibroids
Clearing out tissue after a miscarriage
Treating endometrial hyperplasia
Collecting tissue samples to diagnose endometrial cancer

How is the Procedure Performed?

The procedure typically involves two main steps:
Dilation: The cervix is gradually widened using medication or special instruments.
Curettage: A surgical instrument called a curette is used to scrape or suction away the uterine lining.
The entire procedure usually takes about 15 to 30 minutes and can be performed under local or general anesthesia.

What are the Risks and Complications?

While D&C is generally safe, there are some potential risks and complications:
Infection
Heavy bleeding
Perforation of the uterus
Scar tissue formation (Asherman's syndrome)
Adverse reaction to anesthesia
Discussing these risks with your healthcare provider can help you make an informed decision.

What to Expect During Recovery?

Recovery from a D&C is usually quick, with most women resuming normal activities within a few days. Some common post-procedure symptoms include:
Cramping and mild abdominal pain
Spotting or light bleeding
Fatigue
Your doctor will likely recommend avoiding tampons, douching, and sexual intercourse for a short period to prevent infection.

When Should You Contact Your Doctor?

It is important to contact your healthcare provider if you experience any of the following symptoms after a D&C:
Severe abdominal pain
Heavy bleeding
Fever or chills
Foul-smelling discharge
These could be signs of complications that require immediate medical attention.

Alternatives to D&C

Depending on the underlying condition, there may be alternatives to D&C, such as:
Hysteroscopy
Endometrial ablation
Medication
Watchful waiting
Your healthcare provider can help you weigh the pros and cons of each option.



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