What is Cervical Dilation?
Cervical dilation refers to the opening and widening of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. This process is crucial during labor and delivery as it allows the baby to pass through the birth canal. The cervix must dilate to approximately 10 centimeters for a vaginal birth to occur.
How is Cervical Dilation Measured?
Dilation is typically measured in centimeters from 0 (closed) to 10 (fully dilated). Healthcare providers assess dilation through a
vaginal exam, where they compare the opening of the cervix to known diameters. This assessment is often part of a comprehensive
pelvic exam.
Stages of Cervical Dilation
Cervical dilation occurs in three stages during labor: Latent Phase: Dilation from 0 to 3 centimeters. This phase can last for several hours or even days.
Active Phase: Dilation from 4 to 7 centimeters. Contractions become more frequent and intense.
Transition Phase: Dilation from 8 to 10 centimeters. This is the most intense phase, leading to the pushing stage.
Labor Induction: Medications such as oxytocin can stimulate contractions.
Membrane Sweep: A healthcare provider may perform a membrane sweep to release hormones that encourage dilation.
Amniotomy: Also known as breaking the water, this can accelerate labor.
Infection
Excessive bleeding
Fetal distress
Epidural anesthesia
Intravenous pain medications
Non-pharmacological methods such as breathing techniques and
hydrotherapy Severe pain not relieved by usual methods
Heavy bleeding
Signs of infection, such as fever
Timely intervention can prevent complications and ensure the safety of both mother and baby.
